Set of sixty miniature heads used in phrenology, Manchester

Active selection in cart:
Set of sixty miniature heads used in phrenology, Manchester,. Phrenology originated with Franz Joseph Gall (1758–1828), a German physician, assisted by his colleague, Johann Kaspar Spurzheim (1809–72). Phrenologists believed that the shape and size of various areas of the brain (and therefore the overlying skull) determined personality. Gall and Spurzheim eventually disagreed and went on to promote rival systems of phrenology. These heads are numbered according to Spurzheim’s classification. Phrenological head. Contributors: Science Museum, London. Work ID: ffd2bzqf.

Free public domain image

To download this free image, please register (this takes just 30 seconds) or log in.

This is one of 1,687,037 free hi-res public domain images, selected from major public collections to complement the Look and Learn archive, and to save you time and money. Typically, it may be used for any purpose, but users should check the precise terms and satisfy themselves that the intended use will not infringe the rights of any third party.

Can we help?

Look and Learn is one of the world’s leading sources of historical and cultural images for personal and commercial use. Feel free to contact us with any questions or requests.

Links