Phrenological chart with portraits of historical figures and illustrations of skulls exhibiting racial characteristics

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Phrenological chart with portraits of historical figures and illustrations of skulls exhibiting racial characteristics. Lithograph by G E Madeley, authored by C Donovan, c 1850. Three perspectives of skulls in centre showing phrenological classifications of the faculties of the brain. Three busts at top, left to right: Johann Christoph Spurzheim, Franz Joseph Gall and George Combe. Portraits, from top left downwards, then top right downwards: "Scott. Napoleon. Lord Bacon. Byron. Franklin. Shakspeare". Skulls from middle left anti-clockwise: "Caucasian. Mongolian. Negro. Cat. Ouran-outang. Idiot. Baboon. Dog. New Hollander. India. Carib.". Created c 1850. Human. Heredity. Busts. Skull. Head. Phrenology. Ethnology. Craniology. Mental illness. Characters and characteristics. Psychology – History. Human behaviour – Animal models. Monkeys. People with mental disabilities. George Gordon Byron, Baron Byron (1788–1824). Walter Scott (1771–1832). Napoleon I, Emperor of the French (1769–1821). William Shakespeare (1564–1616). Francis Bacon (1561–1626). Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790). J G Spurzheim (1776–1832). F J Gall (1758–1828). Contributors: George Edward Madeley; Cornelius Donovan (approximately 1820–1872); George Combe (1788–1858). Work ID: h73kraau.

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