From the earliest centuries of Christianity, Palestine had been the goal of pilgrims from the West. Jerusalem fell into the hands of Arab Moslems in the 7th century, but there continued a spirit of tolerance between them and the thousands of pilgrims who annually flooded into the city. The pilgrims needed to be fed, transported and housed, and the Arabs in Jerusalem drew a comfortable income from the provision of these humdrum needs.
Then, in the late 9th century, the Turks, Moslems themselves, drove out the Arabs and a new era began. Fiercer and more fanatical than their predecessors, the Turks destroyed the profitable tolerance that had existed. Persecution and extortion began and returning pilgrims brought bitter tales of the indignities to which they had been subjected.
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